Elisa von der Recke (20 May 1754 – 13 April 1833) was a Baltic German writer and poet.
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Elisa von der Recke was born in Schönberg, Skaistkalne parish, Courland, the daughter of Reichsgraf Friedrich von Medem and his wife, Louise Dorothea von Korff. Her younger half-sister was Dorothea von Medem, for whom she carried out diplomatic work. In 1771 she married Kammerherr Georg von der Recke, from whom she separated in 1781.
In 1787 her first book, Nachricht von des berühmten Cagliostro Aufenthalt in Mitau im Jahre 1779 und dessen magischen Operationen, made a great impact right across Europe, with Catherine the Great even granting Elisa lands in Russia in recognition of the work (making Elisa financially independent). She got to know Goethe, Schiller, Wieland, Herder and other European literary figures, and intensified their relationships through prolific correspondence.
From 1798 she lived almost exclusively in Dresden, and from 1804 cohabited there with her friend Christoph August Tiedge. Their meetings were religio-sentimentalist in tone, with the singing of chorales by Johann Gottlieb Naumann. Her works consisted mainly of pietist-sentimentalist poems, journals and memoirs.
Elisa von der Recke looked after thirteen foster daughters. She died in Dresden and is buried at the Inneren Neustädter Friedhof in Dresden.